1 00:00:11,320 --> 00:00:02,720 station this is Houston are you ready 2 00:00:13,669 --> 00:00:11,330 for the event absolutely we are ready 3 00:00:15,410 --> 00:00:13,679 University of california-davis this is 4 00:00:19,040 --> 00:00:15,420 Mission Control Houston please call 5 00:00:20,810 --> 00:00:19,050 station for a voice check station this 6 00:00:26,810 --> 00:00:20,820 is Steve Robinson with students at UC 7 00:00:28,640 --> 00:00:26,820 Davis comm tech we have you loud and 8 00:00:30,439 --> 00:00:28,650 clear UC Davis we don't know a Steve 9 00:00:36,850 --> 00:00:30,449 Robinson but we know it's Stevie Ray is 10 00:00:40,940 --> 00:00:36,860 he there I told you not to say that 11 00:00:44,380 --> 00:00:40,950 hello butch I'm Sam hi Terry welcome to 12 00:00:46,760 --> 00:00:44,390 UC Davis in Northern California where 13 00:00:49,670 --> 00:00:46,770 although this is a historically 14 00:00:52,910 --> 00:00:49,680 agricultural school where the sounds may 15 00:00:56,020 --> 00:00:52,920 be more cowbell instead of rockets 16 00:00:58,819 --> 00:00:56,030 rocket sounds we have a very vital and 17 00:01:00,740 --> 00:00:58,829 exciting and robots robust program in 18 00:01:03,080 --> 00:01:00,750 aerospace and mechanical engineering and 19 00:01:05,630 --> 00:01:03,090 we have an entire room full of students 20 00:01:09,980 --> 00:01:05,640 you're dying to ask a question how you 21 00:01:11,690 --> 00:01:09,990 guys doing today we're doing outstanding 22 00:01:14,710 --> 00:01:11,700 and I personally speak cowbell so I 23 00:01:24,410 --> 00:01:14,720 understand I understand all the to go 24 00:01:26,660 --> 00:01:24,420 okay hello my name is ASA squirrel do 25 00:01:30,020 --> 00:01:26,670 you think humans have the capability to 26 00:01:34,609 --> 00:01:30,030 achieve deep space travel before 2024 27 00:01:36,710 --> 00:01:34,619 and as technology advances do we would 28 00:01:44,330 --> 00:01:36,720 we see NASA cut down on human space 29 00:01:45,830 --> 00:01:44,340 travel well I think part of that depends 30 00:01:48,380 --> 00:01:45,840 on your definition of deep space travel 31 00:01:54,319 --> 00:01:48,390 if you mean beyond the moon we certainly 32 00:01:55,969 --> 00:01:54,329 have the capability for that the if you 33 00:01:57,050 --> 00:01:55,979 define it as going to the moon we we did 34 00:01:58,639 --> 00:01:57,060 that program and only eight and a half 35 00:02:00,530 --> 00:01:58,649 years so that's something we can do if 36 00:02:02,179 --> 00:02:00,540 by deep space you mean going to Jupiter 37 00:02:03,889 --> 00:02:02,189 or the outer edges of the solar system 38 00:02:06,139 --> 00:02:03,899 that's probably not going to happen in 39 00:02:08,690 --> 00:02:06,149 less than ten years but those are things 40 00:02:10,070 --> 00:02:08,700 that I think that we can do one of the 41 00:02:11,660 --> 00:02:10,080 technologies that's going to be really 42 00:02:13,670 --> 00:02:11,670 important in the coming decades and 43 00:02:15,349 --> 00:02:13,680 centuries is to develop space 44 00:02:17,449 --> 00:02:15,359 propulsion technology that lets us go 45 00:02:19,699 --> 00:02:17,459 faster with chemical rockets you can 46 00:02:21,500 --> 00:02:19,709 only go so fast and with an electrical 47 00:02:22,940 --> 00:02:21,510 propulsion system you can go much faster 48 00:02:25,220 --> 00:02:22,950 and get places farther away so I think 49 00:02:26,599 --> 00:02:25,230 that's something that in the in the 50 00:02:27,770 --> 00:02:26,609 future needs to be addressed if we're 51 00:02:40,490 --> 00:02:27,780 really going to go out and explore the 52 00:02:41,629 --> 00:02:40,500 solar system and beyond thank you good 53 00:02:44,690 --> 00:02:41,639 morning and Gwen Giorno 54 00:02:54,289 --> 00:02:44,700 my name is Marc Wong Kyle what is a 55 00:02:56,240 --> 00:02:54,299 typical day like on the ISS hey mark a 56 00:02:57,530 --> 00:02:56,250 typical day more that that's that's a 57 00:02:59,720 --> 00:02:57,540 question that you can't really answer 58 00:03:00,319 --> 00:02:59,730 specifically I mean every day is 59 00:03:02,330 --> 00:03:00,329 different 60 00:03:04,339 --> 00:03:02,340 you know we every day we eat of course 61 00:03:06,800 --> 00:03:04,349 every day we actually work out and do 62 00:03:08,449 --> 00:03:06,810 some kind of physical exercise where the 63 00:03:11,030 --> 00:03:08,459 resistive exercise or aerobic training 64 00:03:13,129 --> 00:03:11,040 that's almost every single day so those 65 00:03:15,020 --> 00:03:13,139 things are pretty pretty common but the 66 00:03:16,610 --> 00:03:15,030 rest of the day very very different from 67 00:03:18,199 --> 00:03:16,620 day to day it's sometimes when we're 68 00:03:19,699 --> 00:03:18,209 doing experiments you know we're the 69 00:03:21,439 --> 00:03:19,709 hands and eyes and arms of the 70 00:03:23,300 --> 00:03:21,449 scientists that are on the on earth and 71 00:03:25,879 --> 00:03:23,310 we're employing and doing their 72 00:03:28,369 --> 00:03:25,889 experiments for them here in in the ISS 73 00:03:29,719 --> 00:03:28,379 other days we're working on our space 74 00:03:31,420 --> 00:03:29,729 walking suits getting them ready to go 75 00:03:33,860 --> 00:03:31,430 outside here in a couple of weeks and 76 00:03:36,110 --> 00:03:33,870 another day we're fixing the space potty 77 00:03:37,250 --> 00:03:36,120 because it broke so it it varies from 78 00:03:39,469 --> 00:03:37,260 day to day and that's really the 79 00:03:41,839 --> 00:03:39,479 exciting thing about being here is that 80 00:03:44,030 --> 00:03:41,849 we have such a variety of opportunities 81 00:03:46,009 --> 00:03:44,040 and things to be involved with which 82 00:03:48,490 --> 00:03:46,019 makes it just that much more exciting so 83 00:03:56,340 --> 00:03:48,500 every day is different 84 00:04:00,700 --> 00:03:59,500 anyway when we get to the end of the 85 00:04:02,650 --> 00:04:00,710 questions if there's time we want to 86 00:04:05,080 --> 00:04:02,660 hear more about your EBA is coming up I 87 00:04:06,280 --> 00:04:05,090 know that that's got to be a big on your 88 00:04:09,310 --> 00:04:06,290 riding right now but right now here's 89 00:04:11,950 --> 00:04:09,320 Chris for another question hi I'm Chris 90 00:04:13,810 --> 00:04:11,960 checkers Ola and for Samantha how do you 91 00:04:16,960 --> 00:04:13,820 see radiation protection technology 92 00:04:25,840 --> 00:04:16,970 currently on the ISS evolving as we move 93 00:04:26,830 --> 00:04:25,850 into the future hey Chris thanks for the 94 00:04:29,740 --> 00:04:26,840 question 95 00:04:31,330 --> 00:04:29,750 well on on the ISS the radiation 96 00:04:33,430 --> 00:04:31,340 environment as I'm sure you know it's 97 00:04:34,930 --> 00:04:33,440 not it's not that bad at all because 98 00:04:36,910 --> 00:04:34,940 we're pretty you know you are in 99 00:04:38,560 --> 00:04:36,920 low-earth orbit we're still quite close 100 00:04:40,090 --> 00:04:38,570 to the surface of the earth and we are 101 00:04:43,900 --> 00:04:40,100 still protected by the Earth's magnetic 102 00:04:46,210 --> 00:04:43,910 field and so of course some measures of 103 00:04:49,060 --> 00:04:46,220 simple passive protection that we have 104 00:04:51,670 --> 00:04:49,070 on board are enough to keep us safe and 105 00:04:53,770 --> 00:04:51,680 protected however as we go further out 106 00:04:55,630 --> 00:04:53,780 as we venture out beyond low-earth orbit 107 00:04:57,850 --> 00:04:55,640 and into deep space as Jerry was 108 00:05:00,940 --> 00:04:57,860 mentioning before finding new ways of 109 00:05:03,520 --> 00:05:00,950 protecting ourselves from radiation that 110 00:05:05,170 --> 00:05:03,530 is certainly one of the most important 111 00:05:06,970 --> 00:05:05,180 technological challenges we have to 112 00:05:09,700 --> 00:05:06,980 solve right now and in my opinion is the 113 00:05:11,650 --> 00:05:09,710 biggest showstopper so I guess there's 114 00:05:13,810 --> 00:05:11,660 two ways either we we learn how to 115 00:05:16,720 --> 00:05:13,820 modify our bodies you know with with 116 00:05:18,820 --> 00:05:16,730 medicines with drugs with you know 117 00:05:21,100 --> 00:05:18,830 biomedical technologies that were not so 118 00:05:23,610 --> 00:05:21,110 susceptible to radiation or probably 119 00:05:26,380 --> 00:05:23,620 we'll have to go into active magnetic 120 00:05:28,840 --> 00:05:26,390 shielding technologists so do the same 121 00:05:30,580 --> 00:05:28,850 artificially as the Earth's magnetic 122 00:05:40,659 --> 00:05:30,590 field does for us when we are on earth 123 00:05:42,240 --> 00:05:40,669 or in low-earth orbit thank you and so 124 00:05:46,810 --> 00:05:42,250 then for the next student on the list 125 00:05:50,380 --> 00:05:46,820 and with me so we great hello my name is 126 00:05:52,330 --> 00:05:50,390 Ahmed my question is for Terry how long 127 00:05:54,280 --> 00:05:52,340 do you experience high g-forces during 128 00:05:55,960 --> 00:05:54,290 launch and landing and what kind of 129 00:06:02,409 --> 00:05:55,970 process do you go through between launch 130 00:06:05,770 --> 00:06:02,419 and docking so launch on the shuttle and 131 00:06:08,380 --> 00:06:05,780 the Soyuz I flown on both vehicles we're 132 00:06:09,399 --> 00:06:08,390 a little bit different but but close the 133 00:06:11,109 --> 00:06:09,409 Soyuz was a little bit 134 00:06:13,419 --> 00:06:11,119 IRG force I think we get up to right 135 00:06:16,029 --> 00:06:13,429 right around four G's and the thing that 136 00:06:17,739 --> 00:06:16,039 really stands out on the Soyuz is you go 137 00:06:20,199 --> 00:06:17,749 you get up to these three or four G's 138 00:06:22,479 --> 00:06:20,209 and then it's staging it's a bang 139 00:06:24,939 --> 00:06:22,489 instantly bang and that's Stevie Ray 140 00:06:26,559 --> 00:06:24,949 about everybody get ready for a for a 141 00:06:31,419 --> 00:06:26,569 little bang here anyway that's not the 142 00:06:33,729 --> 00:06:31,429 story for later but it feels like the 143 00:06:34,989 --> 00:06:33,739 rocket broke and then it lights up again 144 00:06:37,119 --> 00:06:34,999 and you're kicked back in your seat so 145 00:06:38,529 --> 00:06:37,129 the Soyuz is a pretty amazing ride but 146 00:06:41,249 --> 00:06:38,539 the total g-force was about three to 147 00:06:43,659 --> 00:06:41,259 four and it's about the same on reentry 148 00:06:45,219 --> 00:06:43,669 unless we go into what's called a 149 00:06:47,139 --> 00:06:45,229 ballistic reentry and then that can be 150 00:06:48,669 --> 00:06:47,149 usually around nine GS I think 151 00:06:54,369 --> 00:06:48,679 Samantha's our expert on that but mine 152 00:06:56,919 --> 00:06:54,379 G's is roughly ballistic reentry so it's 153 00:06:58,779 --> 00:06:56,929 similar as I was an f-16 pilot and Butch 154 00:07:00,729 --> 00:06:58,789 and Samantha are both pilots too so and 155 00:07:02,319 --> 00:07:00,739 the f16 nine G's was your limit but that 156 00:07:04,389 --> 00:07:02,329 was from your head down to your toes 157 00:07:06,459 --> 00:07:04,399 access and then a rocket 158 00:07:08,499 --> 00:07:06,469 it's from your chest to the to your back 159 00:07:10,389 --> 00:07:08,509 axis so it's a little bit easier to take 160 00:07:12,369 --> 00:07:10,399 in the in a in a rocket but it's still a 161 00:07:13,779 --> 00:07:12,379 lot and the thing about landing is it's 162 00:07:16,059 --> 00:07:13,789 after six months of weightlessness 163 00:07:18,309 --> 00:07:16,069 so you haven't felt gravity at all and 164 00:07:19,689 --> 00:07:18,319 so I think the sensation is it really 165 00:07:22,959 --> 00:07:19,699 makes a big impression even though the 166 00:07:24,639 --> 00:07:22,969 number is not that big for document oh 167 00:07:26,769 --> 00:07:24,649 geez you're basically weightless you 168 00:07:28,329 --> 00:07:26,779 feel a little bit of banging but it's 169 00:07:32,109 --> 00:07:28,339 just a very small amount that's not like 170 00:07:32,909 --> 00:07:32,119 g-forces that you're feeling then okay 171 00:07:35,649 --> 00:07:32,919 thank you 172 00:07:41,499 --> 00:07:35,659 only net sixteen pilot would say 9 G's 173 00:07:44,079 --> 00:07:41,509 isn't that much all right yeah Sumati 174 00:07:46,209 --> 00:07:44,089 and the question for butch what what you 175 00:07:48,969 --> 00:07:46,219 say was the pivotal moment in your 176 00:07:49,809 --> 00:07:48,979 career that led you to be where you are 177 00:07:56,619 --> 00:07:49,819 today 178 00:07:58,869 --> 00:07:56,629 that is an ISS effect astronaut the 179 00:08:00,479 --> 00:07:58,879 pivotal moment in my career that allowed 180 00:08:04,389 --> 00:08:00,489 me to be here right now 181 00:08:06,459 --> 00:08:04,399 well I'd say the day I was assigned to 182 00:08:08,919 --> 00:08:06,469 this position that was pivotal and then 183 00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:08,929 if I went back don't get assigned if 184 00:08:13,659 --> 00:08:10,610 you're not selected as an astronaut to 185 00:08:16,029 --> 00:08:13,669 begin with that was pivotal if I wasn't 186 00:08:18,339 --> 00:08:16,039 a test pilot school graduate because I 187 00:08:20,319 --> 00:08:18,349 say F behind as a pilot to be a shuttle 188 00:08:22,730 --> 00:08:20,329 pilot if I'd never gotten selected to be 189 00:08:24,680 --> 00:08:22,740 a test pilot that was pivotal if then 190 00:08:26,480 --> 00:08:24,690 avy hadn't expected me to come into the 191 00:08:30,080 --> 00:08:26,490 Navy and actually start pilot training 192 00:08:31,400 --> 00:08:30,090 that was pretty pivotal graduated 193 00:08:37,159 --> 00:08:31,410 college which there was question about 194 00:08:38,839 --> 00:08:37,169 one point where I would and you know 195 00:08:40,399 --> 00:08:38,849 going all the way back if I didn't ever 196 00:08:42,100 --> 00:08:40,409 learn cursive writing how to add and 197 00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:42,110 subtract in third grade 198 00:08:55,280 --> 00:08:53,010 that was pretty pivotal as well it's a 199 00:08:58,100 --> 00:08:55,290 long process to get to get to make your 200 00:08:58,550 --> 00:08:58,110 dreams come true okay Bush that was 201 00:09:02,990 --> 00:08:58,560 great 202 00:09:08,000 --> 00:09:03,000 I guess the day you were born all right 203 00:09:10,400 --> 00:09:08,010 here's Kim Jing oh my name is Kimberly 204 00:09:11,810 --> 00:09:10,410 on this question is for Samantha I was 205 00:09:13,550 --> 00:09:11,820 living what's your favorite science 206 00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:13,560 experiment that you've worked on on the 207 00:09:25,340 --> 00:09:22,290 ISS hey Kimberly thanks 208 00:09:27,889 --> 00:09:25,350 you know what I'm like a hands-on person 209 00:09:29,269 --> 00:09:27,899 so I really really enjoy like when we 210 00:09:31,460 --> 00:09:29,279 have experiments when there is like a 211 00:09:33,139 --> 00:09:31,470 complex setup or you know you have to 212 00:09:35,960 --> 00:09:33,149 really dig into it there's a lot of 213 00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:35,970 hands-on work to do and maybe that you 214 00:09:41,420 --> 00:09:38,610 can also follow on as the experiment 215 00:09:44,030 --> 00:09:41,430 progresses so some examples recently 216 00:09:46,100 --> 00:09:44,040 I've done teri and I actually have done 217 00:09:48,650 --> 00:09:46,110 the first session of an experiment 218 00:09:50,870 --> 00:09:48,660 called airway monitoring in which we 219 00:09:53,569 --> 00:09:50,880 will actually for the first time study 220 00:09:55,850 --> 00:09:53,579 the gaseous exchange in our lungs and 221 00:09:58,310 --> 00:09:55,860 how that is affected by being in 222 00:10:01,069 --> 00:09:58,320 microgravity and that was a very complex 223 00:10:03,769 --> 00:10:01,079 that I mean it took several hours to you 224 00:10:04,970 --> 00:10:03,779 know connect a lot of cables and you 225 00:10:07,280 --> 00:10:04,980 know make sure that we are we're all 226 00:10:08,870 --> 00:10:07,290 good to go and we could actually do it 227 00:10:11,210 --> 00:10:08,880 again and that's gonna be even more 228 00:10:13,130 --> 00:10:11,220 interested interesting in the airlock 229 00:10:14,990 --> 00:10:13,140 and we will actually lower the pressure 230 00:10:18,170 --> 00:10:15,000 because they want to see how a lower 231 00:10:20,060 --> 00:10:18,180 pressure will affect again respiration 232 00:10:22,730 --> 00:10:20,070 and gaseous exchange in the lungs and 233 00:10:25,040 --> 00:10:22,740 that's because possibly one day habitats 234 00:10:26,900 --> 00:10:25,050 on the moon or habitats on Mars will be 235 00:10:28,730 --> 00:10:26,910 at lower pressure than we you know the 236 00:10:34,180 --> 00:10:28,740 atmospheric pressure we're at on earth 237 00:10:38,740 --> 00:10:36,250 hi my name is Donald and I have a 238 00:10:40,060 --> 00:10:38,750 question for Terry how does NASA know 239 00:10:41,740 --> 00:10:40,070 when the space station is struck by 240 00:10:43,480 --> 00:10:41,750 debris that it's too small to track and 241 00:10:48,190 --> 00:10:43,490 how do you inspect the exterior of the 242 00:10:49,450 --> 00:10:48,200 space station for damage that's a great 243 00:10:52,290 --> 00:10:49,460 question and getting ready for our 244 00:10:54,190 --> 00:10:52,300 spacewalks one of the briefing 245 00:10:56,170 --> 00:10:54,200 presentations they give us I was reading 246 00:10:57,700 --> 00:10:56,180 last night is all the different debris 247 00:10:59,260 --> 00:10:57,710 strikes on the outside so that when 248 00:11:00,850 --> 00:10:59,270 you're spacewalking you grab on to 249 00:11:02,700 --> 00:11:00,860 something you don't want to grab the 250 00:11:05,770 --> 00:11:02,710 sharp edge and cut your spacesuit so 251 00:11:07,420 --> 00:11:05,780 there are hundred there's thousands of 252 00:11:10,030 --> 00:11:07,430 little tiny Nick's on the outside of the 253 00:11:12,610 --> 00:11:10,040 space station some of those are caused 254 00:11:15,130 --> 00:11:12,620 by paint chips left from satellites from 255 00:11:16,420 --> 00:11:15,140 decades ago they're still in orbit some 256 00:11:18,370 --> 00:11:16,430 of those are caused by dust flying 257 00:11:19,810 --> 00:11:18,380 around the solar system the good news is 258 00:11:22,360 --> 00:11:19,820 we can't track those things but they're 259 00:11:24,280 --> 00:11:22,370 so small they don't really cause us a 260 00:11:26,790 --> 00:11:24,290 lot of problems and the space station is 261 00:11:29,500 --> 00:11:26,800 designed with a thin aluminum shield 262 00:11:32,260 --> 00:11:29,510 maybe 10 or 20 centimeters above the 263 00:11:34,090 --> 00:11:32,270 surface of the station that when those 264 00:11:35,950 --> 00:11:34,100 little things hit that's supposed to 265 00:11:38,890 --> 00:11:35,960 protect the the pressurized shell from 266 00:11:40,900 --> 00:11:38,900 that and the big things that really do 267 00:11:43,120 --> 00:11:40,910 matter we can track and occasionally we 268 00:11:44,110 --> 00:11:43,130 maneuver to avoid those items and 269 00:11:46,390 --> 00:11:44,120 everyone says well maybe once a month 270 00:11:47,680 --> 00:11:46,400 we'll get a we'll get a call from the 271 00:11:49,660 --> 00:11:47,690 ground hey we're tracking this piece of 272 00:11:52,060 --> 00:11:49,670 debris and usually we don't maneuver for 273 00:11:53,860 --> 00:11:52,070 it but sometimes we do and so the big 274 00:11:55,480 --> 00:11:53,870 things we know about this is good the 275 00:11:58,030 --> 00:11:55,490 small things we have small debris 276 00:12:01,030 --> 00:11:58,040 shielding and when they hit nothing bad 277 00:12:02,530 --> 00:12:01,040 happens it's that in between size of 278 00:12:04,180 --> 00:12:02,540 things that are big enough to do some 279 00:12:06,460 --> 00:12:04,190 damage but in but we're not we can't 280 00:12:07,780 --> 00:12:06,470 quite track them yet if it's an orbit we 281 00:12:09,010 --> 00:12:07,790 could probably track it but if it's 282 00:12:10,150 --> 00:12:09,020 coming from outside of the orbit you 283 00:12:12,670 --> 00:12:10,160 know from asteroid belt or something 284 00:12:14,350 --> 00:12:12,680 those are the things we worry about the 285 00:12:16,150 --> 00:12:14,360 good news is a pilot we talked about the 286 00:12:17,410 --> 00:12:16,160 big sky theory it's a big sky and 287 00:12:19,870 --> 00:12:17,420 usually you don't run in anything else 288 00:12:21,880 --> 00:12:19,880 and if the sky is big space is really 289 00:12:23,079 --> 00:12:21,890 really really big so the odds of us 290 00:12:25,570 --> 00:12:23,089 hitting something like that are really 291 00:12:28,000 --> 00:12:25,580 small but there is a risk there in the 292 00:12:29,320 --> 00:12:28,010 in the space between big things you 293 00:12:34,150 --> 00:12:29,330 could track and little things that don't 294 00:12:40,010 --> 00:12:37,400 hello my name is Kasumi I have a 295 00:12:43,400 --> 00:12:40,020 question for butch how do you overcome 296 00:12:50,960 --> 00:12:43,410 like fatigue or losing focus during your 297 00:12:52,790 --> 00:12:50,970 mission how do you overcome fatigue well 298 00:12:55,940 --> 00:12:52,800 I try to get a lot of sleep and that is 299 00:12:57,829 --> 00:12:55,950 that is important and it's very easy not 300 00:12:59,720 --> 00:12:57,839 to get enough asleep up here there's so 301 00:13:01,699 --> 00:12:59,730 much to do so much continuum and you can 302 00:13:03,170 --> 00:13:01,709 work 24 hours a day literally and never 303 00:13:04,940 --> 00:13:03,180 get everything done so you really have 304 00:13:07,160 --> 00:13:04,950 to budget your time and the ground you 305 00:13:08,540 --> 00:13:07,170 know NASA all the people that support 306 00:13:09,889 --> 00:13:08,550 the ground support us on the ground and 307 00:13:11,990 --> 00:13:09,899 do our scheduling they they're very 308 00:13:13,519 --> 00:13:12,000 helpful in that respect they schedule us 309 00:13:14,870 --> 00:13:13,529 for our for our downtime and they 310 00:13:16,820 --> 00:13:14,880 actually pay us back sometimes when we 311 00:13:18,740 --> 00:13:16,830 work over so that's what one very 312 00:13:20,540 --> 00:13:18,750 important thing but also I mean it is it 313 00:13:23,240 --> 00:13:20,550 is something that we've all prepared 314 00:13:25,730 --> 00:13:23,250 ourselves for for four months before we 315 00:13:27,170 --> 00:13:25,740 ever got up here as mentally be mentally 316 00:13:29,210 --> 00:13:27,180 strong because you have to be because 317 00:13:31,370 --> 00:13:29,220 all day every day there's very important 318 00:13:33,290 --> 00:13:31,380 things going on and you have to be keyed 319 00:13:34,910 --> 00:13:33,300 in and like I said getting your rest 320 00:13:36,410 --> 00:13:34,920 enables you to do that and just 321 00:13:38,120 --> 00:13:36,420 maintaining the focus maintaining the 322 00:13:43,810 --> 00:13:38,130 focus maintaining the focus keep telling 323 00:13:49,460 --> 00:13:46,519 hi everyone my name is Esteban and I'd 324 00:13:50,420 --> 00:13:49,470 like to ask a question for butch I was 325 00:13:52,070 --> 00:13:50,430 wondering if you could discuss the 326 00:14:01,570 --> 00:13:52,080 complications that arise when trying to 327 00:14:06,980 --> 00:14:03,699 complications with 3d printing you know 328 00:14:09,470 --> 00:14:06,990 what we did here last month was just 329 00:14:10,760 --> 00:14:09,480 baby steps you know we've got plastics 330 00:14:12,740 --> 00:14:10,770 and we're coming in and they're the 331 00:14:14,810 --> 00:14:12,750 ground are up lending the print sample 332 00:14:16,310 --> 00:14:14,820 they're the information the the the 333 00:14:18,920 --> 00:14:16,320 sketches if you will for the printer to 334 00:14:20,269 --> 00:14:18,930 do and there wasn't much complications 335 00:14:22,790 --> 00:14:20,279 associated with that other than 336 00:14:24,380 --> 00:14:22,800 sometimes the sample because of you know 337 00:14:26,900 --> 00:14:24,390 as you start to learn how close does the 338 00:14:29,300 --> 00:14:26,910 needle get to the to the plate before 339 00:14:30,530 --> 00:14:29,310 you can actually bond it to the plate 340 00:14:32,480 --> 00:14:30,540 and we had a couple of samples it 341 00:14:34,490 --> 00:14:32,490 actually did bond and stick to the plate 342 00:14:35,960 --> 00:14:34,500 and I couldn't get them off without a 343 00:14:37,790 --> 00:14:35,970 lot of force and of course part of the 344 00:14:40,130 --> 00:14:37,800 plate comes off then so getting that 345 00:14:41,750 --> 00:14:40,140 just right where because in zero-g 346 00:14:43,490 --> 00:14:41,760 obviously there's no gravity to hold it 347 00:14:45,590 --> 00:14:43,500 to the plate so it has to stick there 348 00:14:47,330 --> 00:14:45,600 until the entire print is complete but 349 00:14:48,830 --> 00:14:47,340 it can't stick too tight or you 350 00:14:50,210 --> 00:14:48,840 can't get it off like I said so that was 351 00:14:51,740 --> 00:14:50,220 one of the main things that we overcame 352 00:14:52,910 --> 00:14:51,750 and we sort of stepping stone and 353 00:14:55,550 --> 00:14:52,920 learned a little bit as we went through 354 00:14:56,990 --> 00:14:55,560 it and eventually got to the point where 355 00:14:58,910 --> 00:14:57,000 we didn't have the stick itch and the 356 00:15:00,290 --> 00:14:58,920 things came out pretty pretty easily but 357 00:15:02,870 --> 00:15:00,300 in this stage yeah that's that's pretty 358 00:15:04,280 --> 00:15:02,880 much the the gist of the of the 359 00:15:12,380 --> 00:15:04,290 difficulties if you will that we've had 360 00:15:13,490 --> 00:15:12,390 to date thank you very much thanks hi my 361 00:15:15,560 --> 00:15:13,500 name is Regan Phyllis and I have a 362 00:15:16,850 --> 00:15:15,570 question for Terry how did you 363 00:15:19,130 --> 00:15:16,860 physically prepare yourself for your 364 00:15:20,690 --> 00:15:19,140 trip to space how does your body reacted 365 00:15:22,610 --> 00:15:20,700 to microgravity and what preparations 366 00:15:27,920 --> 00:15:22,620 will you make to readapt when you return 367 00:15:30,170 --> 00:15:27,930 to Earth that's a great question 368 00:15:32,210 --> 00:15:30,180 physical training is an important part 369 00:15:34,190 --> 00:15:32,220 of what we do they have a we have a gym 370 00:15:35,930 --> 00:15:34,200 at in Houston and the astronaut gym is 371 00:15:38,600 --> 00:15:35,940 always full of guys in there lifting 372 00:15:40,430 --> 00:15:38,610 weights doing aerobics you want to get 373 00:15:42,260 --> 00:15:40,440 yourself as strong as you can especially 374 00:15:43,850 --> 00:15:42,270 to do spacewalks because that that 375 00:15:46,190 --> 00:15:43,860 spacesuit that we get in weighs about 376 00:15:48,200 --> 00:15:46,200 three or 400 pounds on earth and it's a 377 00:15:49,670 --> 00:15:48,210 beast and it's pressurized and it's just 378 00:15:51,800 --> 00:15:49,680 really difficult to move around on that 379 00:15:53,510 --> 00:15:51,810 thing especially for the six or eight or 380 00:15:55,130 --> 00:15:53,520 really probably over ten hours by the 381 00:15:57,710 --> 00:15:55,140 time we do our pre breathing and so on 382 00:16:00,350 --> 00:15:57,720 so being a ready for spacewalks requires 383 00:16:02,810 --> 00:16:00,360 that you be strong and then getting your 384 00:16:04,820 --> 00:16:02,820 body ready to combat weightlessness 385 00:16:06,350 --> 00:16:04,830 requires it be strong too because you 386 00:16:08,800 --> 00:16:06,360 you have a tendency to lose muscle and 387 00:16:12,710 --> 00:16:08,810 bone so you want to start from a good 388 00:16:14,600 --> 00:16:12,720 starting point for that and and just 389 00:16:15,860 --> 00:16:14,610 overall health I think it would not be 390 00:16:17,180 --> 00:16:15,870 this would not be a good experience if 391 00:16:19,670 --> 00:16:17,190 you came up here just as an unhealthy 392 00:16:22,010 --> 00:16:19,680 person there's a lot of nuances that 393 00:16:24,080 --> 00:16:22,020 microgravity affects your body that was 394 00:16:26,930 --> 00:16:24,090 one of your questions for me I felt 395 00:16:29,090 --> 00:16:26,940 stuffy like my head the fluid kind of 396 00:16:30,710 --> 00:16:29,100 floats up on earth with gravity all the 397 00:16:32,960 --> 00:16:30,720 fluid float gets pulled down your feet 398 00:16:34,640 --> 00:16:32,970 and on space it kind of floats up and so 399 00:16:37,610 --> 00:16:34,650 I sound like I have it just a little bit 400 00:16:38,750 --> 00:16:37,620 of a cold I don't it's just you're you 401 00:16:40,580 --> 00:16:38,760 kind of feel like that a lot of 402 00:16:41,600 --> 00:16:40,590 everybody space gets puffy and you look 403 00:16:44,210 --> 00:16:41,610 a little bit different when you're in 404 00:16:46,760 --> 00:16:44,220 space that's one of the things that 405 00:16:48,380 --> 00:16:46,770 affects you eyesight can get worse 406 00:16:51,290 --> 00:16:48,390 thankfully knock on wood so if our mind 407 00:16:53,150 --> 00:16:51,300 hasn't but it's probably well a little 408 00:16:54,800 --> 00:16:53,160 bit I mean ever over six months folks 409 00:16:56,600 --> 00:16:54,810 eyesight 10 tends to get a little bit 410 00:16:58,130 --> 00:16:56,610 worse and that's one of the big things 411 00:16:59,970 --> 00:16:58,140 that we're studying now is the effects 412 00:17:01,650 --> 00:16:59,980 of eyesight on that 413 00:17:03,869 --> 00:17:01,660 the one thing Samantha talked earlier 414 00:17:05,970 --> 00:17:03,879 about radiation is a way that it affects 415 00:17:08,010 --> 00:17:05,980 your body and unfortunately you don't 416 00:17:09,539 --> 00:17:08,020 know how it really affects it and when 417 00:17:12,059 --> 00:17:09,549 you get back or maybe years later you 418 00:17:13,919 --> 00:17:12,069 may have effects from that we have a 419 00:17:15,449 --> 00:17:13,929 Earth's magnetic field protecting us but 420 00:17:18,360 --> 00:17:15,459 when we fly over this thing called the 421 00:17:19,949 --> 00:17:18,370 South Atlantic anomaly which is a place 422 00:17:23,159 --> 00:17:19,959 in the South Atlantic where the Earth's 423 00:17:26,279 --> 00:17:23,169 core is deformed and the magnetic field 424 00:17:28,350 --> 00:17:26,289 dips I've noticed this a bunch of time 425 00:17:29,490 --> 00:17:28,360 so if my eyes are closed as we're going 426 00:17:32,310 --> 00:17:29,500 over that like if we're going over that 427 00:17:34,200 --> 00:17:32,320 at bedtime I'll see a flash and that's a 428 00:17:38,220 --> 00:17:34,210 heavy particle hitting your eye nerve 429 00:17:39,960 --> 00:17:38,230 and yeah or we're talking about how many 430 00:17:41,010 --> 00:17:39,970 folks have seen and and so on but that's 431 00:17:42,870 --> 00:17:41,020 something that I've noticed especially 432 00:17:44,310 --> 00:17:42,880 in that area so radiation effect is 433 00:17:47,430 --> 00:17:44,320 something that affects you but you don't 434 00:17:49,320 --> 00:17:47,440 really know it right away so there it's 435 00:17:50,850 --> 00:17:49,330 an interesting thing the most important 436 00:17:53,669 --> 00:17:50,860 point here is that the station has shown 437 00:17:57,120 --> 00:17:53,679 that we can live and work in space and 438 00:17:58,680 --> 00:17:57,130 adapt to it very well it's amazing how 439 00:18:00,480 --> 00:17:58,690 quickly and how well the human body can 440 00:18:02,610 --> 00:18:00,490 adapt and live and so we've kind of 441 00:18:04,020 --> 00:18:02,620 proven that we can go beyond and start 442 00:18:05,279 --> 00:18:04,030 exploring the solar system that's I 443 00:18:06,600 --> 00:18:05,289 think one of the most important 444 00:18:20,010 --> 00:18:06,610 accomplishments to the space station 445 00:18:25,270 --> 00:18:22,780 okay hi everyone my name is Melvin 446 00:18:27,610 --> 00:18:25,280 Lorenzo and my question is for butch how 447 00:18:30,190 --> 00:18:27,620 lightly how lively is the communication 448 00:18:33,100 --> 00:18:30,200 between the American side of the ISS and 449 00:18:35,200 --> 00:18:33,110 other countries and that question is 450 00:18:38,530 --> 00:18:35,210 sort of from the false ammonia leak 451 00:18:48,850 --> 00:18:38,540 alarm that occurred mid-june right and 452 00:18:50,110 --> 00:18:48,860 the response time okay if I understand 453 00:18:51,310 --> 00:18:50,120 your question correctly are you talking 454 00:18:53,290 --> 00:18:51,320 about the communication between the 455 00:18:54,430 --> 00:18:53,300 segment's here correct as far as our 456 00:18:57,220 --> 00:18:54,440 Russian crewmates is that what the 457 00:19:01,720 --> 00:18:57,230 question was about oh yeah that in just 458 00:19:04,300 --> 00:19:01,730 other countries I guess well primarily 459 00:19:06,400 --> 00:19:04,310 our communication is with Mission 460 00:19:09,820 --> 00:19:06,410 Control Houston we also have a Mission 461 00:19:13,300 --> 00:19:09,830 Control Center in in Munich our overfull 462 00:19:16,360 --> 00:19:13,310 fan joven near Munich also communication 463 00:19:19,240 --> 00:19:16,370 or a Mission Control Center and in scuba 464 00:19:21,850 --> 00:19:19,250 Japan also we have the payload 465 00:19:24,700 --> 00:19:21,860 operations are out of Huntsville Alabama 466 00:19:25,840 --> 00:19:24,710 and also Moscow so we actually speak to 467 00:19:27,310 --> 00:19:25,850 all of these different centers 468 00:19:29,830 --> 00:19:27,320 throughout the day specifically when we 469 00:19:32,290 --> 00:19:29,840 have the ammonia event the u.s. segment 470 00:19:33,400 --> 00:19:32,300 if it's a if it's an emergency that 471 00:19:34,900 --> 00:19:33,410 having to do with the u.s. segment 472 00:19:36,460 --> 00:19:34,910 Mission Control Houston 473 00:19:38,770 --> 00:19:36,470 takes the lead has the lead for those 474 00:19:40,210 --> 00:19:38,780 and we talk directly to them and for the 475 00:19:42,220 --> 00:19:40,220 ammonia vent we had you know we have 476 00:19:43,540 --> 00:19:42,230 intercom system we immediately informed 477 00:19:45,040 --> 00:19:43,550 our Russian crewmates what was taking 478 00:19:46,810 --> 00:19:45,050 place of course they also get the 479 00:19:48,310 --> 00:19:46,820 warning time they have the display they 480 00:19:50,620 --> 00:19:48,320 can look at and see what the caution is 481 00:19:52,360 --> 00:19:50,630 as well and we've trained together many 482 00:19:54,130 --> 00:19:52,370 times in the months preceding our our 483 00:19:56,230 --> 00:19:54,140 arrival here and we've trained for these 484 00:19:58,270 --> 00:19:56,240 specific scenarios and we just actually 485 00:20:00,010 --> 00:19:58,280 just went back and enacted our training 486 00:20:01,810 --> 00:20:00,020 our memorized response and stuff we did 487 00:20:02,980 --> 00:20:01,820 initially and then continued didn't 488 00:20:04,330 --> 00:20:02,990 finally got into the books and started 489 00:20:06,250 --> 00:20:04,340 stepping through those procedures and 490 00:20:07,660 --> 00:20:06,260 working together as a team not just the 491 00:20:09,910 --> 00:20:07,670 team onboard but also the team on the 492 00:20:11,770 --> 00:20:09,920 ground as we lay Azon back and forth and 493 00:20:13,480 --> 00:20:11,780 it actually worked out according to the 494 00:20:14,650 --> 00:20:13,490 book pretty much some little deviations 495 00:20:15,820 --> 00:20:14,660 here and there we had a great debrief 496 00:20:17,650 --> 00:20:15,830 and and had a lot of good lessons 497 00:20:19,420 --> 00:20:17,660 learned from the event and hopefully 498 00:20:21,510 --> 00:20:19,430 we'll do better if it were ever happened 499 00:20:25,060 --> 00:20:21,520 again hopefully that doesn't happen 500 00:20:26,620 --> 00:20:25,070 thank you hey butch and Sam and Terry TV 501 00:20:28,430 --> 00:20:26,630 we're almost out of time to get up about 502 00:20:30,320 --> 00:20:28,440 a minute and a half here 503 00:20:31,670 --> 00:20:30,330 and before I I'm gonna ask you just one 504 00:20:33,590 --> 00:20:31,680 last question and ask you to talk about 505 00:20:36,260 --> 00:20:33,600 your EBA but while we still have 506 00:20:45,800 --> 00:20:36,270 everybody let's uh let's thank the crew 507 00:20:47,690 --> 00:20:45,810 of the ISS particular smiling face is 508 00:20:50,030 --> 00:20:47,700 here thanks very much so tell us a 509 00:20:53,750 --> 00:20:50,040 little about your EBA as we as we head 510 00:20:54,980 --> 00:20:53,760 over the horizon here I'll talk about 511 00:20:56,870 --> 00:20:54,990 that real quick 512 00:20:58,580 --> 00:20:56,880 in fact butch and I were doing surgery 513 00:21:00,920 --> 00:20:58,590 on one of our spacesuits today on these 514 00:21:02,570 --> 00:21:00,930 fine small bolts and washers deep in the 515 00:21:05,450 --> 00:21:02,580 bowels of it we have three spacewalks 516 00:21:06,920 --> 00:21:05,460 planned starting in two weeks and we're 517 00:21:08,690 --> 00:21:06,930 basically going to be cable guys for 518 00:21:10,580 --> 00:21:08,700 much of them on the first one we're 519 00:21:13,130 --> 00:21:10,590 gonna be routing cables from right back 520 00:21:15,770 --> 00:21:13,140 here to right up one module down to 521 00:21:17,630 --> 00:21:15,780 prepare the docking rings for the future 522 00:21:19,160 --> 00:21:17,640 American crude vehicles that will be 523 00:21:20,660 --> 00:21:19,170 coming in the coming year so we have to 524 00:21:21,920 --> 00:21:20,670 get ready for these vehicles to come and 525 00:21:24,530 --> 00:21:21,930 we're laying down a lot of cables for 526 00:21:27,680 --> 00:21:24,540 those the robotic arm that's been here 527 00:21:29,990 --> 00:21:27,690 for almost 15 years needs some grease so 528 00:21:32,780 --> 00:21:30,000 I'm gonna one of my tasks is to put some 529 00:21:35,210 --> 00:21:32,790 lubrication in the in the in the arm and 530 00:21:39,620 --> 00:21:35,220 give it a little bit more cowbell and 531 00:21:41,120 --> 00:21:39,630 then the finally VA is going to be c2 v2 532 00:21:44,900 --> 00:21:41,130 we call it and that's gonna be laying 533 00:21:47,720 --> 00:21:44,910 down more cable so we got 400 feet about 534 00:21:49,790 --> 00:21:47,730 120 meters of cable on that one and it's 535 00:21:51,440 --> 00:21:49,800 it's it's putting an antenna out on the 536 00:21:53,210 --> 00:21:51,450 porch side and on the starboard side of 537 00:21:54,770 --> 00:21:53,220 the station again to get ready for this 538 00:21:56,810 --> 00:21:54,780 commercial vehicle so most of what we're 539 00:21:58,430 --> 00:21:56,820 doing is prepping the station is really 540 00:21:59,870 --> 00:21:58,440 going through the next year is going to 541 00:22:01,760 --> 00:21:59,880 be kind of a reconfiguring we're going 542 00:22:03,590 --> 00:22:01,770 to move a module or two and get ready 543 00:22:05,300 --> 00:22:03,600 for the new American crewed vehicle so 544 00:22:09,800 --> 00:22:05,310 that it's not assembly but I call it 545 00:22:11,270 --> 00:22:09,810 reconfiguration thanks TV you guys are 546 00:22:12,200 --> 00:22:11,280 our heroes thanks very much for what 547 00:22:14,510 --> 00:22:12,210 you're doing we're gonna be watching 548 00:22:15,800 --> 00:22:14,520 your ev8 have a great day we're we 549 00:22:24,410 --> 00:22:15,810 talking about you all day long 550 00:22:26,960 --> 00:22:24,420 see you later see you guys station this 551 00:22:32,510 --> 00:22:26,970 is Houston ACR thank you that concludes 552 00:22:34,130 --> 00:22:32,520 our event Thank You University of 553 00:22:35,720 --> 00:22:34,140 california-davis station we are now